The arterial blood supply of the rectum and anal canal is provided by the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery and the internal iliac artery (Read more!).

The rectum is supplied by the superior, middle, and inferior rectal arteries. All rectal arteries anastomose with each other and form a strong network.

The superior rectal artery is a terminal branch of the inferior mesenteric artery, and it supplies the upper two-thirds of the rectum. The superior rectal artery typically divides into two branches - the right and left.
The middle rectal arteries are usually paired vessels that arise from the internal iliac arteries and supply the lower two-thirds of the rectum.
The inferior rectal arteries, on the other hand, are derived from the internal pudendal arteries (Read more!), and they supply the inferior aspects of the rectum and the anorectal junction.

The anal canal above the dentate line receives arterial blood supply from the superior rectal artery, while below the dentate line, it is supplied by the middle rectal and inferior rectal arteries.

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Arterial blood supply of large intestine (rectum and anal canal)