The arterial supply of the cerebrum is composed of two arterial systems - anterior or carotid system and posterior or vertebro-basilar system.

The anterior circulation system is formed by the internal carotid artery and its branches - anterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery, while the posterior circulation system is formed by two vertebral arteries (from the subclavian artery) that both unite together at the lower border of the posterior aspect of the pons and form one basilar artery which at the level of the upper border of the posterior aspect of the pons divides into two posterior cerebral arteries.

The cerebral hemispheres are supplied by several arterial blood vessels:

The frontal lobe receives its arterial blood supply via the anterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery, which are branches of the internal carotid artery.
The parietal lobe is supplied by branches of the anterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery and also by the posterior cerebral artery - a branch of the basilar artery.
The temporal lobe is supplied by the middle and posterior cerebral arteries.
The occipital lobe mainly receives blood supply via the posterior cerebral artery.
And the insula is primarily supplied by branches of the middle cerebral artery.

The anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arteries with their branches are the main providers of the arterial blood supply of the brain.

Anterior cerebral artery and its branches

The main branches of the anterior cerebral artery that can be seen on the medial surface of the brain include the following:

Middle cerebral artery and its branches

Some of the cortical branches distributed across the cortex that arise from the middle cerebral artery are as follows:

Lateral frontobasal artery
Prefrontal artery
Precentral artery - artery of precentral sulcus
Central artery - artery of central sulcus
Postcentral artery - artery of postcentral sulcus, anterior parietal branch
Posterior parietal branches
Angular artery - artery to angular gyrus
Anterior, middle and posterior temporal branches
Temporo-occipital artery

Posterior cerebral artery and its branches

The main cortical branches of the posterior cerebral artery are as follows:

Anterior and posterior temporal branches
Lateral occipital artery
Medial occipital artery
Calcarine artery
Parieto-occipital artery

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Arterial blood supply of the cerebrum