Each lobe of the thyroid gland has two borders and three surfaces:

Anterior border - the upper aspect of this border is related to the superior thyroid artery, and the artery goes adjacent to it; a part of this border is connected to the isthmus;
Posterior border - found on the posterior aspect of the lobe, and it separates the medial surface and posterolateral surface; related to the inferior thyroid artery; the Zuckerkandl tubercle usually extends from this border;
Lateral (superficial) surface - corresponds to the lateral side of the lobe, and that is why it is also called the superficial surface; it is covered by the infrahyoid muscles - sternothyroid muscle, sternohyoid muscle and superior belly of the omohyoid muscle);
Medial (deep) surface - the deep side of the lobe that faces the larynx and trachea;
Posterolateral surface - the smallest surface of the lobe; found between the medial and lateral surfaces on the posterolateral aspect of the lobe; the carotid sheath goes adjacent to this surface.

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Borders and surfaces of thyroid lobes