The perineum is located between the anus and the mons pubis in females. It is the region between the inferior aspect of the pubic arch and pubic symphysis and the tip of the coccyx.

The lateral boundaries of the perineum go along the inferior pubic rami, ischial rami, ischial tuberosities, and sacrotuberous ligaments. The roof is formed by the pelvic floor muscles, while fasciae and skin cover the external surface of the perineum.

The perineum is somewhat diamond-shaped, and it is formed by the perineal body and its related structures. It can be subdivided into two triangular parts by an imaginary line drawn transversely between both ischial tuberosities. These parts are known as the urogenital triangle located anteriorly and the anal triangle - posteriorly. At the junction of both triangles is the perineal body.

The perineal body is an irregular fibromuscular structure in the midline of the perineum, between the frenulum and the anus. It is also called the central tendon of the perineum, and this is where tendons of several muscles merge and attach, including the following perineal muscles:

Additionaly, anterior fibers of the levator ani muscles (muscles of the pelvic floor) and fibers from the external urinary sphincter also participate in forming the perineal body.

The perineal body strengthens the pelvic floor and plays an important role in maintaining its integrity.

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Perineum and perineal body