The external iliac vein is a large vein of the pelvis and a continuation of the femoral vein of the lower limb. It begins above the level of the inferior margin of the inguinal ligament.

The vein enters the pelvis via the vascular lacuna and then ascends medially along the medial side of the psoas major muscle. As the external iliac vein reaches the sacroiliac joint, it unites with the internal iliac vein to form the common iliac vein.

Along their course, the external iliac veins are accompanied by the external iliac arteries. The external iliac vein receives the following veins:

• Inferior epigastric vein
• Deep circumflex iliac vein
• Pubic vein

In general, the external iliac vein is responsible for collecting venous blood from the muscles and skin in the lower anterior abdominal wall, pelvis, and lower extremity.