The liver receives arterial blood supply from the hepatic artery. It originates from the celiac trunk, travels through the free margin of the lesser omentum (runs through the hepatoduodenal ligament) to reach the liver and then enters it via the porta hepatis. Overall, the hepatic artery has two segments:

Common hepatic artery - extends from the celiac trunk to the origin site of the gastroduodenal artery;
Proper hepatic artery - from the origin site of the gastroduodenal artery to the porta hepatis.

At the hilum of the liver, the proper hepatic artery bifurcates into the following branches:

Left hepatic artery - runs towards the umbilical fissure (between segments 3 and 4) and left lobe of the liver; supplies segments 2, 3 and 4; ends by dividing into medial and lateral segmental arteries; the left hepatic artery usually also gives off the middle hepatic artery (it can also be given by the right hepatic artery) that supplies segment 4;
Right hepatic artery - ascends to the right aspect of the liver, going posterior to the common hepatic duct; gives off a cystic artery that supplies the gallbladder and cystic duct; at the right lobe of the liver, it divides into the anterior and posterior segmental arteries that supply segments 5, 6, 7, and 8; the anterior segmental artery may give an additional branch to segment 1.

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Arterial blood supply of liver